The effect of red cell distribution width on mortality in partial hip replacement surgery

Abstract

Dear Editor,
In a recent issue of Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica, we read with great interest the article by Zehir et al. entitled ‘Red cell distribution width and mortality in patients with hip fracture treated with partial prosthesis’.[1] They evaluated the outcome of patients with hip fracture treated with partial hip replacement, and investigated the relationship between red cell distribution width (RDW) and mortality in patients who underwent partial hip replacement surgery. They concluded that there was a significant correlation between elevated RDW level and mortality. We believe that these findings will act as a guide for further studies, and we thank the authors for their contribution to the literature. However, we think that some points should be discussed. As a parameter, RDW is provided by automated hematology analyzers and reported as a component of complete blood count. It is reported as an index of heterogeneity in size of circulating erythrocytes.[2] Some studies have reported that higher RDW levels are associated with poor prognosis in coronary bypass surgery, peripheral arterial disease, stroke, heart failure, and in elderly subjects.[3] RDW levels may also reflect nutritional deficiencies (i.e. iron, vitamin B12, and folic acid), ethnicity, neurohumoral activation, inflammatory diseases, recent transfusion, renal and hepatic dysfunction, thyroid disease, bone marrow dysfunction, chronic or acute systemic inflammation, and the use of some medications.[4–7] Patients having these conditions are usually excluded from the studies about the prognostic and predictor value of RDW.[2] Hence, it would be better if the authors of this study had defined all of these factors in their study group. In conclusion, elevated RDW levels in elderly patients with hip fracture who receive a partial prosthesis may be associated with mortality, as presented in the current study. It has been shown that each 1–point increase in RDW level was related to an increase in 1–year mortality in hospitalized patients.[8] However, this may be affected by many factors, and hence, RDW level itself without other parameters may not provide sufficient information to clinicians on the mortality risk in patients treated with partial hip replacement surgery. We believe that these findings will act as a guide for further studies that will show the association between RDW and mortality in patients with hip fracture treated with partial prosthesis.

Özet

sayımı tahlilinde ana parametrelerden biri ve aneminin ayırıcı tanısında kullanılır. Son zamanlarda çok sayıda araştırmada RDW ile birçok hastalık durumlarının ölüm oranı arasında doğrudan bir ilişki olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.[1] Hatta yüksek RDW değerleri genel popu- lasyonda daha yüksek mortalite ile ilişkili bulunmuştur. [2] Fakat bu hastalık durumlarındaki artmış mortalite ile RDW yukselmesi mekanizması arasında direk bir ilişki kurulamamıştır ama hastanın yaşından, beslenme düzeyinden ve eritrositlerdeki kronik enflamasyondan süphelenilmiştir. Çok değişkenli analizler göstermiştir ki; artmış RDW düzeyine neden olan patofizyoloji anemi durumuna bakılmaksızın, akut ve kronik hastalık durumlarının sonuçlarını etkileyebilir. RDW birden fazla patolojik sürecin bir bütünleştirici belirteci olarak görünmektedir.[3] Bu durum RDW değerinin hastalık durumlarının şiddeti ile ilişkili ve prognoz ile korele olduğunu açıklayabilir. RDW kalça kırığı cerrahisi olan hastalar için hazır, objektif ve ucuz bir testtir. Hasta daha acil servisteyken prognoz ve mortalite hakkında fikir verebilir. Gelecekte kalça kırığı hastalarının risk